Within the teaching method framework, the approach is constituted by those theoretical principles on which the curricular design is based richards and rodgers, 1986. This approach to teaching language has been proven to be particularly effective with limited english proficient students. Approach meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. Taskbased language teaching is primarily a studentcentred approach. The idea of choosing from different methods to suite for ones teaching purposes and situations is nota new one.
Teaching english language methods and approaches contents 1 language education 1 1. Morphology and implications for english language teaching. To create a resource bank of language teaching strategies, ideas and techniques for teachers to use when implementing units of inquiry. In language teaching, in the general area of teaching methodology, people talk about approaches, methods, procedures, and techniques. Approach, method, procedure, and techniques in language. Every method, as it is seen, has merits as well as demerits. This post will help to clarify the meaning of these interrelated terms and provide examples of each. The natural approach the natural approach was developed by tracy terrell and stephen krashen, starting in 1977. This tesol white paper introduces the notion of a principlesbased approach pba for english language teaching elt policies and practices. Pdf modern approaches and methods in teaching english. In order to create this relaxed state in the learner and to promote positive suggestion. Although the audiolingual approach in its purest form has many weaknesses notably the difficulty of transferring learnt patterns to real communication, to dismiss the audiolingual approach as an outmoded method of the 1960s is to ignore the reality of current classroom practice which is based on more than 2000 years of collective wisdom. There was a slavish imitation of the methods and techniques of teaching english in british schools.
Integrated approach, english language skills, teaching, culture. English teaching methods teach english abroad get tefl. The use of the communicative language teaching approach. The book explores the context of the subject of english and brings readers up to date. The oral approach is a method in which children to use whatever hearing they get from their surroundings. Methods and approaches of english language teaching.
Approaches an approach is a theory about language learning or even a philosophy of how people learn in general. They reflect the beginnings of the discipline of applied linguistics that branch of language study concerned with the scientific study of second and foreign language teaching and learning. An approach is a way of looking at teaching and learning. The natural approach is designed to develop basic communication skills. Teaching approach is being used in the english classroom to improve students oral skills and which strategies and resources are mainly used by teachers regarding this approach. Language teaching methods teachers handbook for the video series by. The direct method aims at developing an instinctive unerring language sense in the people. Underlying any language teaching approach is a theoretical view of what language is, and of how it can be learnt. The grammar translation method, the direct method, audio.
Teachers need to carefully consider their teaching context mckay 2002. It suggests that during the reading process, the focus should be put both on decoding the meaning of the text and on activating the systemic and schematic knowledge, with the bottomup and the. Lozanov holds that a relaxed but focused state is the optimum state for learning. Contentbased instruction teachingenglish british council. There is blind repetition of structural items during oral teaching.
Strategies for teaching english language learners scholastic. This evaluation looks at teaching approaches and strategies used in schools where there has been a significant increase in the number of students at or above national standards in the upper primary school years years 5 to 8. Old idea new name the interdisciplinary approach is really an old friend under a newold name. Structural approach is a scientific study of the fundamental structures of the english language, their analysis and logical arrangement. It can be seen as a response to more traditional teacherled, grammaroriented, presentationpracticeproduction ppp approaches of language instruction. Nevertheless, according to ellis as cited by ruin, 1996. Reading in the target language should be taught from the beginning of the language instruction. Approach is the way of teacher to transfer the knowledge to the students besides encourages their motivation to learn. Pba builds on the current work on language policy and practice, but instead of providing a set of standards, it identifies a. The communicative view of language is the view behind the natural approach. Approaches to language teaching i preferred to preface the article with some definitions of well known termswhich represent difficulty to some teachers and which will help improve theirunderstanding of the topic. Stage 2 begins when students begin using english words to give. The pedagogical approach or method of teaching and learning. Introduction this paper highlights the importance of using literature to teach english language while sensitizing learners to be culturally literate in the diverse cultural environment in kenya.
Inductive and deductive approaches to teaching english. A historical overview key issues historical overview of methods and approaches to teaching english as a foreignsecond language the grammartranslation method the direct method the audiolingual method suggestopedia the silent way total physical response the natural approach the communicative approach. Language teaching approaches and methods have cast light on the language teaching theory and practice. If the teachers could integrate the merits of all these methods and eliminate the demerits, they would have an. Teaching college english grammar in a cognitive taskbased approach xu jing shanghai institute of technology, shanghai, china teaching college english in a cognitive taskbased approach is actually a way to incorporate the grammar teaching within the wellsequenced activities. There was an excessive dependence on the british model. Pdf the thesis aims to identify which, if any, of the most influential language teaching methods are discernible in some teachers practices. Consequently, the literary english was supreme in the teaching of english. One of the definitions of disci pline in the dictionaries is a branch of instruction or education, and it is labeled archaic. Throughout the history of teaching languages a number of different teaching approaches and methodologies have been tried and. Thety anggraini 06081001003 lianasari 06081001004 english education study program sriwijaya university introduction nowadays, english becomes an international language. Teaching english english is still considered one of the most important school subjects and therefore. This clearly shows that genre based approach to teaching and learning writing is absolutely distinctive among other existing approaches. The principles of the direct method in teaching english.
Index terms eclectic method, english language learning, techniques i. If language teachers teach as they taught earlier, then one may not achieve the required goals of teaching english in the present global scenario. Overview of most well known methods in language teaching. Pdf on may 22, 2014, mahesh kamalja and others published modern approaches and methods in teaching english language find, read. An approach gives rise to methods, the way of teaching something, which use classroom activities or techniques to help learners learn. Genre as a product in writing simply, the genre as a product means that genre writing is a kind of text or writing work itself. Application of the interactive approach to the teaching of.
Such an approach would include three key considerations each of which is discussed in more detail below. Is teaching english for accounting by the cbi approach more effective than by the traditional methods. The different arrangement or patterns of words are called structures. Approaches and methods in language teaching seeks to provide a comprehensive and comprehensible account of major and minor trends in language teaching methods from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present. Students were able to develop the intellectual capacity to. This video series featuring live demonstrations of current methods of teaching english as a second language has been produced in the usia worldnet studios in washington, d,c. Eld is the systematic use of instructional strategies designed to promote the acquisition of english by students whose primary language is not english. Thus, an approach is usually understood as the body of linguistic, psychological and pedagogical theories which inspire the teaching practice. This method employs the memorization of various grammar rules and the translation of second language material to the students native language. In this approach, language teachers draw learners attention to. Finally, english teachers and education authorities will benefit from these results because of the valuable information about the implementation of the. Language teaching approaches and methods ltm 1g week 3 emma arthur slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
Pdf on mar 3, 2014, servet celik and others published celik, s. To help raise teacher awareness of language learning through the programme of inquiry. The structural approach to english is teaching the learner certain selected structures in a certain order. Stephen krashen, an expert in the study of second language acquisition and the coauthor of the natural approach, the best way to learn a second language is through total immersion. An awareness of english morphology enables language teachers to help their learners understand how words enter a language, what. It demands all the society in every background especially for students to master it well. It came to have a wide influence in language teaching in the united states and around the world.
Oct 28, 2012 6the eclectic approach or eclecticismthe eclectic approach was proposed as a reaction to the profusion of teaching methodsin the 1970s and 1980s and the dogmatism often found in the application of thesemethods. In recent years contentbased instruction has become increasingly popular as a means of developing linguistic ability. Introduction eaching of speaking skill has inherent difficulties, most teachers have reported that methodology, in particular to be followed has not adequately tapped for any level of teaching. To highlight the similarities and differences between approaches and methods, the same descriptive framework is used throughout. A principlesbased approach for english language teaching. The eclectic method theory and its application to the. Teaching techniques the natural approach in the classroom stage 2 early speech in nonthreatening environments, students move voluntarily into stage 2. One of the definitions of disci pline in the dictionaries is a branch of instruction or education, and it.
Example the communicative approach is the bestknown current approach to language teaching. It brings together the latest standards with authoritative guidance, ensuring that readers feel confident about how to approach their teaching. Conclusion there are many factors that influence the successful of teaching english. Approaches and methods for foreign language teaching. The use of the communicative language teaching approach to. An integrated approach for english language teaching. Mar 16, 2015 a method is an application of an approach in the context of language teaching. An analysis of language teaching approaches and methods eric. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The structural approach ever emphasizes oral work and speech manipulation.
They also take help from the context to understand and use language. This evaluation looks at teaching approaches and strategies used in schools where. Inductive and deductive approaches to teaching english grammar. The approach was based on the power of suggestion in learning, the notion being that positive suggestion would make the learner more receptive and, in turn, stimulate learning. Instead, approaches which focus on language in practice and in meaningful contexts are central. Language teaching methods teachers handbook for the video series by diane larsenfreeman office of english language programs materials branch united states department of state washington, d. To highlight the similarities and differences between. This approach fails to exploit childrens mother tongue. An approach is a set of correlative assumptions dealing with the nature of language teaching and. Approach, method, procedure, and techniques in language learning. The written english had more prestige than the spoken form. Taskbased teaching is a methodology associated with it. Morphology is the study of the internal structure of words and the rules governing the formation of words in a language.
After choosing their target of instruction based on that context, teachers. Language teaching strategies and techniques used to. It originated from the communicative approach, but has since developed its own distinct principles. Pdf teaching english language methods and approaches. It has strong connections to project work, taskbased learning and a holistic approach to language instruction and has become particularly popular within the state school secondary 11 16 years old education sector. Mar 05, 2007 language teaching approaches and methods ltm 1g week 3 emma arthur slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. An example of a method is the grammartranslation method. Teaching college english grammar in a cognitive task. Onestopenglish is a teacher resource site, part of macmillan education, one of the worlds leading publishers of english language teaching materials.